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Type is a platform for design in the built environment. We aim to share knowledge, increase accessibility, and support a culture of critique.

Articles

A space for public opinion and debate, engaging with a broad range of contributors in architecture, landscape, urban design, planning, and beyond.

The film/tv studio as a building type

Studio buildings serve as the backbone of media production across film and television. In Ireland, the maintenance and construction of studio architecture underscores a critical issue: the future of RTÉ’s infrastructure amid global shifts in media production. This article explores the history of studio design from its origins in early twentieth century Los Angeles to present-day challenges in the sector.

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Open Space

The 6% Club

Architects are part of a problematic industry that produced nine million tonnes of construction and demolition waste in 2021 alone. This figure is projected to grow each year unless action is taken. Should the construction industry continue its current economic model, which encourages and facilitates the needless creation of waste?

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Future Reference

Polykatoikia balconies: spatial inequities in migratory movements

In this article, Shelly Rourke explores migratory patterns of movement and inhabitation, through reflection on both Athens and Dublin, and the inequalities inherent within these patterns – inequalities of both social displacement and of the structures repurposed to allow a modicum of normality in people's daily lives.

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Present Tense

Who is our city for?

Dublin’s unchecked, capital-driven development has prioritised foreign investment over civic values, creating sterile, single-use districts disconnected from residents' needs. Inspired by models like Paris’s 15-minute city, urban theorists advocate for a balanced approach, fostering diverse, inclusive urban spaces. A reimagined planning model could reinstate community-focused design, shaping a vibrant, resilient Dublin.

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One Good Idea
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Library

The Type online library is a digital repository of publications featuring unique research and fresh insights on the design of the built environment.

All journals and books are free to download for Type members; please login or use the download button for access.

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2ha: the journal of suburban design #13

Editor: Michael K. Hayes.
Journal
€ 4.00 

2ha #13 considers the physical, legal, economic, and symbolic borders which bind our everyday definition of suburban life. Three essays outline the contested nature of this space and the multiple means of separation made for the benefit of some, to the exclusion of others.

boundary, suburbia, sectarianism, the Troubles, peace walls, thresholds, landscaping, Garden City, public realm, land ownership, race, division, Northern Ireland, Belfast, The Falls, Shankill, Frankfurt, Römerstadt, Glenmore Park, Sydney, Cork, New Jersey, Mississippi, Indiana, policy, segregation, divides, an edge over others
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Architectural Survey 1961

Editor: Patrick M. Delany.
Journal
€ 4.75 

Architectural Survey was an annual review of contemporary architecture in Ireland, which ran from 1953-1972.

Church, Hospital, Commerce, Health, Industry, Education, Religion, Housing, Public Service, Recreation, school, extension, factory, shop, pub, bar, airport, DAA, Dublin Airport, Convent, secondary school, primary school, social housing, flats, masionette, office,
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2ha: the journal of suburban design #04

Editor: Michael K. Hayes.
Journal
€ 4.00 

2ha #04 explores the relationship between history and suburban development. Three essays respond to the changing processes by which suburbia has been bought, built, and sold.

history, suburbia, landlords, housing estates, Sloperton, Darndale, Corbally, Limerick, ground rent, Lords of the Soil, 19th century, 20th century, modernism, a foreign country, we do things differently here
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Free Market News

Editors: Jeffrey Bolhuis, Jo Anne Butler, Miriam Delaney, Tara Kennedy, Laurence Lord, Orla Murphy.
Book
€ 0.00 

Free Market News is a study of market towns in Ireland, featuring a collection of essays from a broad range of experts on the past, present, and future of these small-scale settlements. The book was published as part of Free Market, the Irish Pavilion at La Biennale di Venezia 2018.

market, town, public square, trade, local, village, regeneration, urbanism, urban design, rural, Ireland, morphology, settlement, tradition, conservation, planning, Small town life; Back to the future for town square; The demise of the Irish market house; The morphology and form of the Irish market town; Ballinrobe Market House; Macroom Mountain Dew Festival; OutType: The shopfronts of Irish towns and villages; Redesigned public spaces in Clonakilty provide vital lessons in collaborative place-making; Checking the pulse of Ireland's historic towns; RIAI Town Toolkit: making places for people; Developing an app for land use surveys; Network of walled towns fosters twin aims of conservation and economic growth; Action needed to address the impact of rural housing on towns; The future of rural towns in Ireland; The clearing; The shape of towns - Clones, Athy and Inistioge; The Irish town, and time; Planning and Irish towns; The town in Irish literature; A day in the life of a town; Small town revival in the age of globalisation; Making small towns strong again; The Daily Yonder - a newspaper that is connecting rural communities; New ways for towns to adapt consiered at Callan Workhouse; Love lost to Longford; A new model for community bookshops; Athenry for Apple; A meeting at the market; Ballymahon market house: A modern day agora; Immigrants open shops; Extract from The Clancy Kid; Market day; Rural by choice: yoga nights at the Art & Frame
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RIAI Bulletin 17

Editor: J. Owen Lewis.
1978
€ 4.75 

Beginning in 1972, the RIAI Bulletin was a monthly newsletter to inform Institute members of the wide range of matters with which the RIAI was involved.

Administration Building, UCD Belfield Campus, The Radio Building, RTE, The International Airport Hotel, The Science Building, University College Galway, Merrion Hall Strand Road, The Institute for Advanced Studies, The Fitzwilliam Lawn Tennis Club, Ronald Tallon’s House, The Paddocks Dalkey, Castlepart Village, Andrezj Wejchert, Robinson Keefe & Devane, RKD, Scott Tallon Walker, STW, Ronald Tallon, Niall Scott, Stephenson Gibney & Associates, Stephenson, Arthur Gibney, Raymond McDonnell, Diamond Redfern and Anderson, Editorial, RIAI Notes, Enforcement of Interim Certificates, Awards, RIAI Personages, Bolton Street School of Architecture, Diary, RIAI Gold Medal, RIAI Medal for Housing, RIAI Council for 1978, Short Courses, Scandinavian Architecture, Europa Nostra Award, Habitation Space Award, British Hospitals Exhibition, Visit of Finnish Architects, Public Lecture, Education, Membership, RIAI Gold Medal, RIAI Medal for Housing, John O’Gorman, Campanile, University College Dublin, University College Galway, Fitzwilliam Lawn Tennis Club, House, Notices, standards, circular, newsletter, committee, competition, symposium, materials, conference, course, lecture, planners, membership, RIAI, members, Election, report, review, award, gold medal, medal for housing, university, college, club, airport, hotel.
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UCD Architecture 2007

Editors: Brian Ward, Pierre Jolivet, Gerry Hayden.
Book
€ 0.00 

An annual yearbook featuring staff and student work from the UCD School of Architecture.

Earlsfort Terrace, Masonic Boys School, Richview, drawing, collage, photography, studio, technology, scale, light, movement, functional, social, technical, aesthetic, environmental, urban, suburban, Cork city, Sculptor’s house, Sligo, 20th century housing, exhibition space, library, social architecture, Tiago Faria, Irena Kondratenko, Mary Laheen, Max O’Flaherty, Mark Price, Brian Ward, Shane DeBlacam, Noel Dowley, Jamie Doyle, Loughlin Kealy, Jim Murphy, Peter Tansey, John Tuomey, David Ahearne, Aisling Ahern, Eimear Arthur, Marian Balfe, Leila Budd, Moira Burke, Emma Byrne, Jarlath Cantwell, Rachel Carmody, Niall Carroll, Claire Cleland, Daniel Collins, Alan Coughlan, Eimear Daly, Christina Devereaux, Raymond Dinh, Andrea Doyle, Rachel Dudley, Megan Etherton, Edward Feeney, Kate Griffin, James Hayes, Michael Hayes, Matthias Horn, William Hutch, Jonathan Janssens, James Kennedy, Shirley Kenny, Hyung Joon Kim, Damien King, Philip King, Donal Lally, Colm Mac Eochagáin, Sarah Madigan, Conor Maguire, Jennifer Martin, Suzanne Maverley, Ciara Mc Curtin, Aonghus Mc Donnell, Kevin McGonigle, Patrick McGrath, Sarah McKendry, Louise Moriarty, Scott Morton, Sorcha Murphy, Stephen Murray, Sean Naughton, Christina Ní Riain, Fiona Nulty, Caitriona O'Connor, Jennifer O'Donnell , Aoife O'Leary, Aisling O'Sullivan, Darren Snow, Patrick Stack, Patrick Stokes- Kelly, Albert Tobin, Vivienne Brophy, Gerry Cahill, Kevin Donovan, Fiona Hughes, Stephen Mulhall, Orla Murphy, Michael Pike, Daniel Sudhershan, Simon Walker, John Tuomey, Shelley McNamara, Peter Tansey, Brian Ward, John Casey, Sterrin O’Shea, Rahman Salma Abdel, Timothy Brick, Lisa Cassidy, Claire Chawke, Ciaran Conlon, Alex Crean, John Crowley, Brendan Dalton, Rachel Delargy, Michael Doherty, Leonie Fitzgerald, Sean Finnegan, Padraig Flynn, Denis Forrest, Alessandra Fugazzi, Katy Giblin, David Hannon, Riona Hartman, Karla Hayes, Leah Hogan, Eoin Horner, Mary Hughes, Alison Hyland, Rachel Jennings, Elaine Johnson, Fergal Joyce, Sorcha Kenneally, Anthony Lambert, Elspeth Lee, Meabh McCarthy, Patrick McGlade, Padraig McMorrow, Cillian Magee, Alva Maguire, Brian Massey, Caitriona Moloney, Laura Moran, Conor Morrissey, Maria Mulcahy, Mark Murphy, Kieran Murray, Matthew Nagle, Banbha NicCanna, Aisling NiDhonnchu, Aedamair NiGhallchoir, Donncha O Brien, Maurice O Brien, Luke O’Callaghan, Jennifer O Leary, Caoimhin O’Maollaigh, Patrick Phelan, Orla Phillips, Sarah Prendergast, Hugh Queenan, Patrick Roche, Conor Rochford, Cian Scanlon, Sean Schoales, Enida Skalonjic, Ruth Stewart, Robert Tobin, David Walsh, Su Wang, Wendy Barrett, Will Dimond Eileen Fitzgerald, John-Barry Lowe, Jim Murphy, Ruth O’Herlihy, Julia Barrett, Miriam Fitzpatrick, Seán Harrington, Mary Laheen, Pierre Long, Michael McGarry, Alan Mee, Andrew Morrison, Orla Murphy, Liam Ronayne, Emmett Scanlan, Sarah Sheridan, Gillian Brady, Elizabeth Burns, Blaine Cagney, James Casey, Amelie Conway, Peter Cosgrave, Cait Elliott, Dara Farrell, Amy Fitzgerald, Joseph Flood, Paul Flynn, Danielle Fox, Shea Gallagher, Patricia Gavin, Edin Gicevic, Ciara Grace, Aideen Hannon, Eimear Hanratty, Patrick Hunt, Raphael Keane, Caroline Kennedy, Caroline Kiernan, Ronan Kenny, Dominic Lavelle, James McBennett, Dermot McGlade, Liam McInerney, Claire McMenamin, Steven McNamara, Sarah Maguire, Beatrice Moran, Eoin Murphy, Niamh Murphy, Enda Naughton, Roisin Ni Bhuadain, Aine Nic an Riogh, Colm O’Brien, Iseult O’Clery, Tapologo Odubeng, Lisa O’Kane, Blathmhac O’Muiri, Alison Rea, Cliodhna Rice, Katya Samodurova, Deirdre Spring, Joseph Swan, Gabriel Sweeney, Martin Tiernan, Aisling Walker, St John Walsh, Brendan Ward, James Young, John Olley, Finola O’Kane, Brian Ward, Loughlin Kealy, Paul Kenny, Irena Kondratenko, Vivienne Brophy, Tiago Faria, Brian Gallagher, Joseph Gannon, Anne Gorman, Paul Hughes, Irena Kondratenko, Pierre Long, Seoirse MacGraith, Andrew Morrison, Michael Murphy (Senior Technician – Building Laboratory), Daniel P Sudhershan, Holger Falter, Amanda Gibney, Mark Richardson, Pierre Jolivet, Bill Hasting, Chris Boyle, Peter Cody, Merlo Kelly, Sheila O’Donnell, Emmett Scanlon, Stephen Tierney, Hugh Campbell, John Tuomey, Andrzej Wejchert, Edward Jones, Hugh Campbell, Michael Pike, Daniel Rosbottom, Shelley McNamara, Alan Mee, Philip Nolan, Michael Bambrick, Darragh Brogan, Ignacio DeMema, Christiansen Finn, Brian Collins, Christopher Collins, Cathal Curtin, Joaquin Dabezies, Catherine DeGroot, John Dobbin, Tara Doherty, Hugh Dolan, Michael Duffy, Clement Duranton, Cormac Fahey, Paul Finn, Graham Fitzpatrick, Moritz Fritz, Neil Gleeson, Brian Guckian, Brian Hagan, Clare Heffernan, Heikki Karppinen, Orla Kennedy, Pascale Klaunig, David Leyden, John Lineen, Matthew McCrum, Aoghan MacDomhnaill, Deirdre McKenna, Claire Meunier, Emma Murtagh, Celine NiChonchuir, Conor O’Brien, Kitty O’Brien, Sorcha O’Higgins, Orla O Loinsigh, Carl O’Reilly, Kevin O’Sullivan, Neal Patterson, Kaisa Paavilainen, Magdalena Paskiewicz, Alice Platriez, Jan Patalon, Patrick Quinlan, John Quinn, Kate Rhatigan, Shane O’Reilly, Andreu Santacreu, Janette Scott, Mark Skehill, Laura Sloan, Caroline Stieghorst, Bryan Tormey, Tim Varian, Sonja Waloszek, Bent Westendorp, Ruben Weyers, Patrick White, Marcus Donaghy, John Parker, Elizabeth Shotton, Chris Boyle, Michelle Fagan, Tiago Faria, Brian Gallagher, Roisin Henegan, Mary Laheen, Tom Maher, John McLaughlin, Shelly McNamara, Jim Murphy, Shi-Fu Peng, Michael Pike, Esmonde O’Briain, Mark Price, Jimmi Sheilds, John Tuomey, Hugh Campbell, Peter Cardew, Adam Caruso, Tom de Paor, Michelle Fagan, Tiago Faria, Francois Fleury, Brian Gallagher, Alan Jones, Donal Lennon, Aidan Madden, Laura Mays, Fiona McDonald, John McLaughlin, Ciaran McNally, Roger Mullin, Jim Murphy, Michael Murphy, Max O’Flaherty, Finola O’Kane Crimmins, Michael Pike, Mark Pimlott, Jimmi Sheilds, Peter Tansey, John Tuomey, Jerome Breslin, Niamh Burke, Elizabeth Burns, Sinead Cahill, Fiona Carroll, Aoife Cleary, Gordon Chrystal, Cillian Collins, Sinead Collins, Anne Marie Cooke, Maire Costelloe, Jacinta Curley, Sarah Curran, Una Daly, Robert Denvir, Matthew Fagan, Brian Flynn, Alan Flood, Kate Gannon, Cillian Gray, Eimear Hassett, Justin Hayes, Zoe Hayes, Gary Hoban, Gary Holt, Sinead Hugh, Paul Jeffries, Dierdre Keeley, Jennifer Kenefick, Brian Mallon, Hilda Markey, Mercedes Martinez, Ashling McCoy, Jill McGovern, Barry McNaboe, Owen McSwiney, Brendan Money, Marcus Mulvihill, Trevor Nolan, Mark Noonan, Paul O’Brien, Lucy O’Connor, Ronan O’Connor, Cathal O’Fearghail, Suzy O’Leary, Nick O’Shee, Nicki Power, Brendan Redmond, Robert Salmon, Clara Seeballuck, Sandra Sibley, Niall Small, Padraic Ward, Chris Whelan, Paul Arnold, Pierre Jolivet, Loughlin Kealy, Paul Kenny, Donal Lennon, Michael Murphy, Elizabeth Shotton, Aidan Madden, Graham Fitzpatrick, Peter Flynn, Dorothy Jones, Hugh Brady, Philip Geoghegan, Loughlin Kealy, Alan Mee, Derry O Connell, Michael Creegan, Douglas Gordon, Seamus Mc Gearailt, John Prosser, Sarah Rock, Aine Ryan, Paul Arnold, Loughlin Kealy, Finola O Kane Crimmins, Ed Burke, John Cahill, Mary Clark, Jackie Donnelly, Lisa Edden, Jason Ellis, Dr Aubrey Flegg, David Griffin, Aideen Ireland, Frank Keohane, Donal Lennon, Alistair Lindsay, Charlie Lyons, Daniel McInervey, Paul McMahon, M. McParland, Emily Moore, Rachel Moss, Conor Murphy, Ciaran O Brien, Dr Freddie O Dwyer, John Olley, Mona O Rourke, Aighleann O Shaughnessy, Sara Pavia, Margaret Quinlan, Noel Riordan, Susan Roundtree, Pat Ruane, Linzi Simpson, David Wall
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RIAI Bulletin 29

Editor: J. Owen Lewis.
Journal
€ 4.75 

Beginning in 1972, the RIAI Bulletin was a monthly newsletter to inform Institute members of the wide range of matters with which the RIAI was involved.

Read more

Architecture in Ireland - vol. 1, no. 4

Editor: Tomás O’Beirne.
Journal
€ 5.95 

First published in 1978, Architecture in Ireland was a magazine which featured ‘news, views and reviews’, architecturally significant buildings, and descriptions and illustrations of proposed developments.

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Architecture in Ireland - vol. 1, no. 2

Editor: Tomás O’Beirne.
Journal
€ 5.95 

First published in 1978, Architecture in Ireland was a magazine which featured ‘news, views and reviews’, architecturally significant buildings, and descriptions and illustrations of proposed developments.

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Architecture in Ireland - vol. 1, no. 3

Editor: Tomas O'Beirne.
Journal
€ 5.95 

First published in 1978, Architecture in Ireland was a magazine which featured ‘news, views and reviews’, architecturally significant buildings, and descriptions and illustrations of proposed developments.

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Architectural Survey 1967

Editor: Patrick M. Delany.
Journal
€ 4.75 

Architectural Survey was an annual review of contemporary architecture in Ireland, which ran from 1953-1972.

Read more

2ha: the journal of suburban design #12

Editor: Michael K. Hayes.
Journal
€ 4.00 

2ha #12 considers the power of local, national, and international governance in determining suburban morphology. Three essays focus on the multiple means by which bureaucratic structures and political ideologies control the ways, rules, and regulations in which suburban development takes place.

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UTOPIA 7

Editor: Miriam Delaney.
Book
€ 0.00 

UTOPIA 7 is a published a study of utopian settlements in Ireland by students in the Dublin School of Architecture.

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Celebrating Pugin

Editor: Colum O'Riordan. Author: Roderick O'Donnell.
Book
€ 10.00 

Celebrating Pugin features a selection of drawings by 19th-century architect A. W. N. Pugin, displayed as part of an exhibition in the Irish Architectural Archive marking the bicentenary of his birth. The book also includes an essay by Roderick O'Donnell providing an overview on the role of Pugin in Ireland.

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Rural

Author: Dominic Stevens.
Book
€ 5.90 

Rural is a collection of projects and essays on contemporary issues facing rural modes of inhabitations and ways to reimagine their potential future.

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streets for living: a conference on residential road design

Editor: Eoghan Brangan.
Book
€ 7.95 

Organised by an Foras Forbartha, this paper documents the proceedings of a conference on residential road design from Jury’s Hotel in Dublin in May 1976.

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Ireland in the Year 2000

Book
€ 7.95 

This paper documents the proceedings of a colloquy on Ireland in the Year 2000, held in Kilkea Castle in February 1980.

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Thirty-Three Churches

Authors: Sophie Kelliher, David Lawless.
Book
€ 0.00 

Thirty-Three Churches explores the potential of altering Dublin’s existing stock of church buildings to include housing, while still functioning as a place of worship. Published as part of the Housing Unlocked exhibition in 2022.

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